Ms Sturgeon told a coronavirus briefing the recommendation would not include students being required to wear masks in the classroom.
Ms Sturgeon said: “We’re consulting on this specific measure because, firstly, mixing between different groups is more likely in corridors and communal areas – increasing the potential for transmission.
“Secondly, crowding and close contact in these areas is more likely and voices could be raised, resulting in greater potential for creating aerosol transmission.
“Finally, there’s also less scope for ventilation in these areas.”
A decision is expected in the coming days on whether Scotland will introduce face covering rules for schools, and it is not yet known whether the guidance will also apply to school transport.